{"id":11748,"date":"2021-08-16T18:22:29","date_gmt":"2021-08-16T10:22:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/rao\/?page_id=11748"},"modified":"2021-08-27T10:22:00","modified_gmt":"2021-08-27T02:22:00","slug":"protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/","title":{"rendered":"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"11748\" class=\"elementor elementor-11748\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider wavo-column-gap-default elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-384d600 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"384d600\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;bbb4cfe&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider wavo-column-gap-default elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-614d6dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"614d6dc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;51e35c0&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-faf47b4\" data-id=\"faf47b4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02481dd wavo-transform transform-type-translate elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02481dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms<\/b><\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider wavo-column-gap-default elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52825d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52825d6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;0a6717a&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider wavo-column-gap-default elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a9ea89c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a9ea89c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;196ec9c&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider wavo-column-gap-default elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-102bcb9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"102bcb9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;4daec70&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider wavo-column-gap-default elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aa42eeb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aa42eeb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;9a05679&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75a3948\" data-id=\"75a3948\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01ba04e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"01ba04e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-11760 alignright\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/08\/image-280x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"218\" height=\"222\" \/><\/p><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">The University's efforts to cultivate an active applied research culture are paying off across the board. A project funded by the Research Grants Council's Faculty Development Scheme and led by Professor Fred Lee, Head of Department of Science, who specialises in employing molecular and proteomic approaches in the study of harmful algal blooms (HABs) \u2014 or red tides \u2014 and the associated toxin production mechanisms, promises to shed light on strategies to protect fish against such blooms and hence contribute to food security. HABs cause massive economic losses in the fish farming and shellfish industries.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11757 alignleft\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/08\/4a_edit-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"270\" \/><\/p><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">The project is focused on one particular species of fish-killing algae, known as <i>Karenia mikimotoi<\/i>, which has recently been blooming in Chinese waters every few years. In 2012, an enormous bloom of the species caused the death of at least US$300 billion's worth of abalone in Fujian, while in 2016, more than 200 tons of fish in several fish farming zones in Hong Kong suffered. Despite the abundance of studies on <i>Karenia mikimotoi<\/i> over the past decades, the exact mechanism by which it kills fish and shellfish remains unclear.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">To alleviate the problem, the project aimed to understand how fish gills respond to the species at the molecular level. The project team has succeeded in identifying the relationship between the <i>Karenia mikimotoi<\/i> originating from different geographical locations, and developing an efficient, straightforward and inexpensive approach to optimise the growing conditions of the cell cultu<span style=\"text-align: justify;\">re of <\/span><i style=\"text-align: justify;\">Karenia mikimotoi<\/i><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">. The results will help to formulate preventive measures or proactive strategies against fish-killing incidents, which will have significant implications on the local, mainland and even international fish farming and shellfish industries in the long run.<\/span><\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">More details about the project results can be found at the following publications generated from the project:<\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-80638-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Establish axenic cultures of armored and unarmored marine dinoflagellate species using density separation, antibacterial treatments and stepwise dilution selection&#8217;<\/a>, <i>Scientific Reports<\/i>.<\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jmse8050363\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comparison of five TRIzol-based protein preparation methods for 2-DE production from challenging marine dinoflagellate samples: a case study on two Benthic Prorocentrum species&#8217;<\/a>, <i>Journal of Marine Science and Engineering<\/i>.<\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12953-020-00161-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Production of high-quality two-dimensional gel electrophoresis profile for marine medaka samples by using Trizol-based protein extraction approaches&#8217;<\/a>, <i>Proteome Science<\/i>.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider wavo-column-gap-default elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-48f3c49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"48f3c49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;e327855&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-15531d7\" data-id=\"15531d7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0efc6df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0efc6df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms The University's efforts to cultivate an active applied research culture are paying off across the board. A project funded by the Research Grants Council's Faculty Development Scheme and led by Professor Fred Lee, Head of Department of Science, who specialises in employing molecular and proteomic approaches in the study...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":172,"featured_media":0,"parent":11680,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_expiration-date-status":"","_expiration-date":0,"_expiration-date-type":"","_expiration-date-categories":[],"_expiration-date-options":[]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.3 (Yoast SEO v21.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms - Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer - Hong Kong Metropolitan University<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms The University\u2019s efforts to cultivate an active applied research culture are paying off across the board. A\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer - Hong Kong Metropolitan University\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-08-27T02:22:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/08\/image-280x300.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms - Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer - Hong Kong Metropolitan University","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms","og_description":"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms The University\u2019s efforts to cultivate an active applied research culture are paying off across the board. A","og_url":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/","og_site_name":"Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer - Hong Kong Metropolitan University","article_modified_time":"2021-08-27T02:22:00+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/08\/image-280x300.png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/","url":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/","name":"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms - Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer - Hong Kong Metropolitan University","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-08-16T10:22:29+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-27T02:22:00+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/protecting-fish-against-harmful-algal-blooms\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer","item":"\/ora\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Research Achievements","item":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/research-achievements\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Protecting fish against harmful algal blooms"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/","name":"Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer - Hong Kong Metropolitan University","description":"Office of Research Affairs and Knowledge Transfer - Hong Kong Metropolitan University","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11748"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/172"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11748"}],"version-history":[{"count":43,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11748\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12231,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11748\/revisions\/12231"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hkmu.edu.hk\/ora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}